rawpixel-423665-unsplash

Building a business as a Latino entrepreneur

Claudia Ramos, graphic designer and illustrator from North Hollywood, California, dreams of turning her side business, Claudia Ramos Designs, into a full-time gig. Her dreams are specific: She’d like to see her work and that of other Latina artists sold in her very own shop. Ramos, who was born in El Salvador, currently works for Hasbro as a fashion graphic designer by day and (after her seven-year-old daughter goes to bed) on her side business by night.

Soon after, Ramos’ designs were featured in a wedding magazine, and she opened her Etsy shop.

“It all started using my own money,” she says. “It’s all been out of my own pocket. I’ve never reached out for anyone to sponsor me or reached out to a bank for a loan.”

Ramos’ entrepreneurial spirit is common among the Latino population in the United States. Her Latino counterparts, who make up a full 18 percent of the U.S. population, reached a population of nearly 58 million in 2016, according to Pew Research Center.While the 2018 Stanford Graduate School of Business Latino Entrepreneurship Gap reported that just six percent of all businesses were owned by Latinos in 1996. Today, that number has more than doubled to nearly 13 percent.
Despite these figures, most Latino-owned businesses remain small, with 98 percent reporting less than $1 million in revenue per year.
As a whole, national banks fund Latino businesses less often than for entrepreneurs from other ethnic groups. According to the 2017 Stanford Graduate School of Business State of Latino Entrepreneurship Report, only 12 percent of Latino firms who employ more than one person received bank loans, compared to 18 percent of white-owned firms, 15 percent of Asian-owned firms and 14 percent of black-owned firms.

The importance of Latino entrepreneurs

Though they face constraints, immigrant Latino entrepreneurs make important contributions to the economy, generating $36.5 billion annually in business income.

According to the U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy, roughly 1.2 million of the 12.2 million business owners in the United States are immigrant Latinos. In fact, the Harvard Business Review reported that immigrants from all over the world constitute 15 percent of the general U.S. workforce, but they account for around a quarter of U.S. entrepreneurs. Almost half of Hispanic-owned companies are owned by women, according to census data.

Eighty-six percent of immigrant-owned firms with at least $1 million in annual revenues are owned by millennials (under age 34) who came to the U.S. as children, according to “Insights” by Stanford Business. On a larger scale, Latino immigrants are twice as likely as the native-born population to start a small business, according to the United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce.

Small Business Majority reports that DREAMers don’t shy away from entrepreneurship, either. Those protected under DACA work at small businesses and start their own small businesses in droves.

Financial challenges as a Latino entrepreneur

“I feel like I’m not making a lot, but I feel like I have to learn more marketing strategies,” Ramos says, noting that social media – Instagram in particular – has changed since she first started her business in 2013. “A lot of people don’t see you on Instagram unless you have 5,000 followers. It’s all about numbers. I’ve been giving out giveaways, and I haven’t been selling that much.”

There are a few concrete reasons why most Latino-owned businesses remain small, and Mary Vazquez, community advocate for Point West Credit Union in Portland, Oregon, has seen them all:

  • Funding gaps: Only 12 percent of Latino firms received bank loans compared to 18 percent of white-owned firms. Often, national banks are not willing to take on the risk of smaller firms. In addition, many Latino business owners report they feel unqualified to apply for a bank loan at a national bank. They defer to their own capital, friends, family and credit cards. They tend to use banks or credit unions, venture capital or angel investors as a last resort.
  • Lower credit scores: According to Biz2Credit, the average credit score for Latino entrepreneurs is below 600, a lower credit score than what is required by many banks.
  • Lack of awareness of different funding sources available: Many Latinos tend to resist seeking outside funding, including venture capital or angel investors. The U.S. government’s Small Business Administration guarantees loans, but Latino entrepreneurs access these at lower rates than they borrow from national banks, according to ARF Financial, a restaurant and hospitality lender.
  • Lack of traditional identification: Banks do not often offer products or services to people with Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ITINs), which are tax-processing numbers issued by the Internal Revenue Service for those who do not have a Social Security number.
  • Language barriers: Low literacy and English proficiency among some Latino immigrants can be a root cause of Latinos not accessing banks or other financial institutions.
  • Lack of bank services: Often, banks or other financial institutions lack services to help Latino entrepreneurs, including linguistically-appropriate services. Foreign-born entrepreneurs are also more likely to be denied bank loans.
  • Fear and mistrust of the government and established institutions: Culturally, community and family are important to this demographic, and it’s an easier leap for many Latinos to borrow from family or friends before approaching financial institutions for funding.
  • Low collateral value: Banks and other financial institutions are hesitant to grant anyone money without real property, business inventory, cash savings or deposit or other types of collateral. Immigrants new to America may not have enough collateral to qualify for loans.

The solutions to many of these financial barriers start with accessible financial education.

“They need to find a personal coach that can assist them with any of their questions without them feeling like they’ll be rejected or a bother to those institutions,” Vazquez says of the Latinos in her Portland community. “We see those stories every day.”

In 2007, Vazquez was the only Spanish-speaking teller at Point West, but today, almost half the staff at Point West is bilingual and bicultural. She recalls a client, Sara Rodriguez, who felt comfortable with Vazquez because of her Spanish-speaking ability.

Vazquez suggested Rodriguez open a business using the credit union’s help. A stay-at-home mom of four, Rodriguez had no credit and no Social Security number. She did have an ITIN, so Point West issued Rodriguez a $500 loan to pay for permits and ingredients to start her tamale cart, Sara’s Tamales. Over time, Rodriguez received two additional micro-loans from Point West.
Vazquez points to Rodriguez’s story as a victory and says that other credit unions should follow suit. “We actually renovated our website and it’s bilingual, in Spanish and English. Thirty percent of our staff members speak Spanish. Our call center is Spanish-speaking, and we’re one of the few, if not the only one in Oregon who does ITINs,” she says.

Funding your business as a Latino immigrant

Next year, Claudia Ramos plans to attend the #WeAllGrow Latina summit in Long Beach, California, to help her answer questions about what’s been elusive in the success of her business. “[The business owners at the conference] have the same goals: to grow and help each other. With what’s going on politically, it’s what we have to do to help each other,” Ramos says. “It’s part of our culture, too. To start my own little shop, I would feel more comfortable going to my family. Family is always there for you.”

She recalls a time when her cousin needed help funding a surgery, and she and her family members all chipped in to help. It’s the same with starting a business, Ramos explains. “You lean on family and friends before the bank.”

Vazquez, whose own family is from Mexico, agrees.

“Many times, I’ve seen personally and professionally how the Latino community is always asking friends and family questions about finances. If they have an idea for a business, they always ask a family member or a friend; they never really ask professionals,” she says. “They’re scared of being rejected, or they feel they don’t have the right to explore other options.”

She says that it can be a frightening prospect, particularly for those from another country, to dive into the complex process of obtaining funding.

Considering your funding options

While asking family and friends is often a more appealing option for Latino entrepreneurs, taking the risk of getting funding from a financial institution can help set up your business for success.

A list of pros and cons for various funding options are listed below. Note that regardless of legal status, Latinos can use the business name and number (EIN) to access business credit without having to disclose immigration status.

  • Business loans

Loans specifically intended for a business purpose. Banks, credit unions, SBA loans and microloan programs can all be business loan options.

Pros: Business loans usually have lower interest rates, and using a business loan rather than a personal loan separates personal and business finances.

Cons: You must qualify for any type of business loan, and requirements vary. Most business loans require a high credit score.

  • Crowdfunding

You can set up an online campaign and raise money from a large number of people.

Pros: Crowdfunding is low risk, and you can tap into a larger audience via social media.

Cons: Marketing is imperative; you have to deliver what you’ve promised to backers and there is often a crowdfunding platform fee.

  • Angel investors

Individual financial backers who provide private capital for small or large businesses.

Pros: The money provided isn’t a loan; angel investors typically have lots of experience in your business of choice (they’re often established by entrepreneurs themselves).

Cons: Any equity you build will partially go to your angel investors; angel investors expect to make money and help make business decisions.

  • Venture Capitalists (VCs)

A person or firm that invests in small companies using money pooled from investment companies, large corporations and pension funds.

Pros: Venture capital can help your business grow quickly, offer business expertise and provide support with legal and tax matters, among other areas.

Cons: VCs expect to make money and often intend to make decisions about your business.

  • Small business grants

Money given to a person, business or corporation from federal, state, county or local governments, or private businesses or corporations.

Pros: Grants do not need to be repaid and they’re easy to find online.

Cons: Paperwork is time-consuming, there is tough competition, eligibility is strict and there are also specific rules you have to follow.

  • Specialty lenders

Friends and family are some examples of specialty lenders.

Pros: Friends and family trust you and care about your success.

Cons: You could lose money and jeopardize a valuable relationship. Always be sure to document the family member or friend’s role in the business.

  • Credit cards

Business credit cards can help entrepreneurs keep expenses separate while allowing them to pay off larger purchases over time.

Pros: It’s easier and more convenient to qualify for a credit card, rewards are offered and you can build credit. Credit cards also give you a financial cushion when accounts receivables are behind.

Cons: Credit cards are more expensive, have higher (and fluctuating) interest rates, personal legal liability, security issues and offer less protection compared to consumer credit cards.

Credit unions and business loans

One demographic-specific possibility is to access a Latino credit union like Point West Credit Union in Portland. A Latino credit union allows applicants to provide foreign identification, offers English and Spanish materials, financial education services and is able to focus on serving local Latino communities.

“You don’t have to have a Social Security number to bank or get a loan with us. That’s the promise we’ve made to our community,” says Vasquez. “Everyone who comes to our door receives the same service or rates. It’s based on your credit.”

Many Latino credit unions offer the same promise, and here’s a complete guide to Latino credit unions across the United States: (See List at https://www.bankrate.com/credit-cards/building-business-as-latino-entrepreneur)

Latino and minority business grants

Latino and minority business grants are another way to fund a business, and a local Hispanic chamber of commerce is one place to start. For example, the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce of Metropolitan St. Louis showcases a list of grants on its website. Business owners can also research grants online using the following links:

Credit cards

A business credit card could be a great way to boost the buying power of a business. A credit card gives business owners access to a revolving line of credit to withdraw cash and make purchases – as long as it’s used wisely.

Some tips for using business credit cards include setting spending limits, watching for any strange transactions, and to be careful with large expenditures – and to remember that interest rates are often higher for credit cards than many other sources of funding, including business loans.

Dreams for the future

Ramos never stops thinking about her someday-shop. “That’s my dream and I’m going to keep working hard to get to that point. In my situation, I’m the breadwinner. I’m the only one who’s making money right now. I don’t have the luxury to concentrate on doing this full time.”

Vazquez says that despite fledgling business and entrepreneurial numbers across the U.S., Latinos have more opportunities than ever before. Latinos continue to push past financial or other restrictions: According to Biz2Credit, the number of credit applications from Latino-owned businesses rose 22 percent over the past 12 months.

Vazquez will tell anyone that the door to Point West is always open, and Vazquez herself can often be found greeting anyone who comes through the credit union’s entrance. “Even if you aren’t a citizen, you’re all welcome to come here,” she says.

Other resources:

  • Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers: Empowers the Hispanic community to realize its fullest potential and impact the world through STEM awareness, access, support, and professional development.
  • United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce (USHCC): The United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce (USHCC) actively promotes the economic growth, development and interests of Hispanic-owned businesses. The USHCC advocates on behalf of 260 major American corporations and serves as the umbrella organization for more than 200 local chambers and business associations nationwide.
  • Prospanica: Prospanica offers annual career and professional development conferences, connects thousands of Hispanics to graduate programs, subject matter experts, corporations, and each other.
  • Association of Latino Professionals for America (ALPFA): In addition to offering networking and professional leadership development opportunities, ALPFA aspires to be the business partner of choice for companies seeking to hire and develop Latino talent.
  • Dreamers Ventures: Dreamers Ventures is a platform and multi-city tour that brings knowledge, capital and access to opportunities to America’s fastest growing entrepreneurial segment to turn their dreams into reality.

Resources for Latinas:

  • Ellevest: An investment resource specifically for women, Ellevest offers goal-based planning and saving, plus additional female-first advising services, including one-on-one career coaching and financial strategy.
  • Hispanic Women in Leadership (HWIL): HWIL is a service organization committed to promoting the advancement of Hispanics and women in the areas of education, professional interaction, leadership training, mentorship and the perpetuation of the Hispanic culture.
  • Latinas Think Big Network: Dynamic summits, career advice and mentoring, educational programs, and access to supportive and influential networks drive the Latinas Think Big Network.
  • Latina Entrepreneur Academy (LULAC): LULAC is a part of the Women’s Empowerment (WE) Initiative designed to train, motivate and inspire women – especially those of Hispanic descent – to build their own businesses or enhance their existing ones.
  • #WeAllGrow Latina: #WeAllGrow Latina connects a community with opportunities for growth. A network of digital influencers, hyperlocal events and an annual summit propels growth through brand partnerships and community development.

Original Post: https://www.bankrate.com/credit-cards/building-business-as-latino-entrepreneur/

d

The fully accessible guide to starting a business as a disabled entrepreneur

Lack of funding can lead to unique challenges for disabled business owners

By Andrew Paniello  |  Published: January 17, 2019

In 2017 the United States Congress quietly made the move to decrease provisions that enable the Small Business Administration (SBA) to make special loans to entrepreneurs, including individuals with disabilities. In addition, the SBA has stopped processing new loan approvals since Dec. 22 due to the government shutdown, affecting many small business owners throughout the U.S.

Though there are still several reasonable financing options available to those with disabilities, many in the community are affected by this news, especially considering the unique need of many handicap people to start their own businesses.

According to the most recent estimates, roughly 20% of Americans have at least one disability. But while some disabilities can make it difficult to complete certain tasks, many people with disabilities have still been able to accomplish remarkable things. Disabled people are a significant portion of the American workforce and many have gone on to start small businesses of their own.

Even if you currently have a low credit score as a consequence of lost income, starting a business of your own may be much more doable than you’d initially assume. In terms of possible wealth, life satisfaction, and career development, small business ownership can be incredibly rewarding.

Successfully running a business will require hard work, market awareness, and adequate sources of funding. In this article, we will provide useful resources and tips for starting a small business as a disabled entrepreneur and the first steps you can take to actually get there.

The benefits of starting a small business

The Social Security Administration defines a disability as a condition that results in: “The inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.”

SSA disability benefits are often not enough to cover all living expenses. Medical bills, medications, therapy and assistive devices costs can pile up on top of ordinary living expenses like housing, utility bills and transportation. This makes it vital in some cases for people with disabilities to create alternative ways of income.

Entrepreneurship offers the level of flexibility and freedom that many disabled individuals have been searching for. By creating your own business, you may be able to work from home, make any adjustments to your working space as needed and receive extra income to cover living expenses. There are many advantages for those with disabilities to start a business:

  • Flexibility: Ability to create your own schedule and working conditions
  • Financial Stability: Extra income to cover medical and housing costs and a sense of financial independence
  • Well-being and happiness: Owning a business can provide one with a sense of purpose and self-worth

On the other hand, starting your own business is not without risks. Most new business owners will need to contribute at least some of their own capital up front and even those who don’t may face long-term financial consequences if their business is unsuccessful. Furthermore, Congress’ silent reform of the Small Business Administration in 2017 has made disability-specific small business loans more difficult to access.

Still, even in the face of possible obstacles, the benefits of starting a new business are quite apparent. As a result, tens of thousands of individuals with disabilities are likely to start their own businesses within the next calendar year.

Programs designed for disabled entrepreneurs

For those who do qualify as disabled, there are several programs that can help.

These are just a few of the programs specifically designed for disabled entrepreneurs:

  • 8(a) Business Development Program: Despite other cuts to SBA programs, this particular program is designed to help “socially and economically disadvantaged people”, which includes those with disabilities. Resources include access to education, training, and special government contracts.
  • DOBE Certification: This certification is given to any business that is majority owned by individuals with verified disabilities. Being certified may result in increased access to funding programs, various business aid programs, and increased visibility in the community.
  • Medical grants: By decreasing the cost of medical expenses connected to your disability, you can start your business with less debt. Furthermore, having less debt may increase your credit score and also give you access to other sources of funding.
  • PASS Program: This is a vital federal program that is designed to help individuals with disabilities enter into the workforce. PASS helps individuals with a variety of different tasks including transportation, getting supplies and equipment, and creating a disability-friendly work environment.

These programs are designed to make it easier to start a business. Determining the details of your business—funding, necessary materials, operations, etc.—in advance, you will be much more likely to get your business off the ground and running.

Developing a business plan

Regardless of what type of business you are planning on creating, it will be very important to come up with a detailed business plan. Your plan should describe the goals of your business and how you plan to accomplish these goals. Any effects of your disability should also be accounted for.

Familiarizing yourself with the unique challenges of being a disabled business owner can be very beneficial. It may also be helpful to talk to people who have already established themselves within your industry or who have made the decision to start other businesses of their own.

When attempting to define your business’ long-term objectives, many business owners find the “SMART” Goal model to be quite useful. Your goals should be:

  • Specific: What is your business hoping to achieve?
  • Measurable: How will you measure whether or not you’ve succeeded?
  • Attainable: Are these goals something that you can realistically achieve?
  • Relevant: How are your long-term objectives related to your business?
  • Timely: When is the deadline for completing your first set of goals?

If it is your first time starting a business, you may also want to consider using business models that have worked exceptionally well for people with disabilities. For example, choosing to start a franchise may give you access to certain company benefits or choosing to start a business connected to any personal skills may help you quickly establish a competitive advantage.

Building credit and funding your business

Unfortunately, many disabled individuals who have not worked in a while can likely have imperfect credit scores. Disability income from the government is often insufficient, which frequently results in endless cycles of debt. If you have a good credit score, financing a business should be quite easy. With a poor credit score, financing will be a bit more difficult but is still certainly possible.

Anyone with a bad credit score (or who has claimed bankruptcy in the past decade) can begin improving their score in several different ways. Start a new (presumably high-interest) line of credit and always pay your bills in full and on-time, this will help gradually increase your score. Consolidating and settling old debts, closing delinquent lines of credit, and making payments early may all also be quite helpful.

It is important to keep business and personal expenses separate to protect your personal finances and keep everything organized. Opening a business credit card is a great way to keep track of your business expenses and also build up your business credit score.

Evaluating your funding options

Regardless of what your current credit situation may be, there are likely many reasonable options for you to fund your business with:

Business loans: These loans are intended for a specific business purpose. Loans from banks, credit unions and SBA are all sources for small business loans.

Pros: Business loans generally have low-interest rates and they help build business-specific credit.

Cons: They can be difficult to qualify for with bad credit, recent issues with SBA might make them difficult to obtain.

Certifications: Obtaining a small business certification from the government documents that your business has a special capability or status, which can help you compete in the marketplace.

Pros: Certifications help legitimize business and are non-competitive.

Cons: They usually have strict requirements and funding is not guaranteed.

Small business grants: A certain amount of money given by the federal government, private businesses and/or corporations with no expectation that funds will be paid back.

Pros: Grants have no strings attached and are widely available for individuals with disabilities.

Cons: They can be very difficult to qualify for, the money usually has some restrictions and there are limits to the amount you can receive.

Venture Capitalists: An investor or firm who provides capital for startups or high-risk companies.

Pros: Venture capital can offer business expertise, additional resources and connections.

Cons: They expect to make money and often take control of key business decisions.

Crowdfunding: This involves setting up campaigns (most of the time online) to raise money from a large number of people.

Pros: Low risk, not required to give equity to your supporters, a small donation is feasible.

Cons: Often a small fee for the platform you use, must be transparent to your backers on how you used the money.

Business credit cards: Credit cards specifically designed for business owners.

Pros: Business cards are typically easy to qualify for, can help maintain and build your business’ credit, and offer rewards on travel, hotels and more.

Cons: Credit cards tend to have higher interest rates, personal liability (any late payment could affect your personal credit score), and risk of security issues.

These are just a few of the ways that people with disabilities help fund their business. The six methods listed above are very rarely mutually exclusive—it may be in your best interest to explore all of the available methods and then choose a funding strategy that combines multiple options at once. Funding won’t be all you need in order to start a successful business, but it will certainly be an important step in the right direction.

The bottom line

Regardless of the challenges that may come from having a disability, there are still plenty of extraordinary things waiting to be accomplished. With a quality business plan, reliable source of financing, and clear vision for the future, you may be able to quickly begin a successful business of your very own.

Accessibility notice

Our “Fully Accessible Guide to Starting a Business as a Disabled Entrepreneur” was written and designed to meet the needs of our readers with disabilities. This content was created for complete interpretation by all readers, including those who utilize voice assist and other assistive technologies.

This guide was published in accordance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0, which can be found at https://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/, and meets Level A conformance guidelines. The conformance is claimed only for the content on this specific webpage: http://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/accessible-guide-for-disabled-entrepreneurs.php

 

Used with Permission by Credit Cards.com  https://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/accessible-guide-for-disabled-entrepreneurs.php

architect-architecture-black-and-white-1537008

The Commercial Construction Lending Process

Commercial Construction Lending

By Paul Long –  February 2019

Sometimes when you can’t find that perfect building for your business, it is possible to build your own. Not everyone has the cash in the bank to do that, so going to your local community bank is a great option. This article will talk about the basics to commercial constructions loans, residential construction lending is a little different, so talk with your residential lender for more information about that process.

What I hear from borrowers that have done a commercial construction project before is, “Its not going to be easy.” In construction projects there are things that can go wrong during the process. Items are not delivered as you expected, subcontractors don’t show up, you decide to make a change after the drawings and it costs more, change orders etc.  On the other side after you go through all of this hard work, you have a property that is exactly what you wanted for years to come. It is my hope that sharing the information about this process will help you understand, it so you have all the information to make a proper decision.

Before you start a construction project and before you purchase the land, see how much land you need and in what location. Do you plan on paying for the land in cash or do you need a land loan? What is important to know is that land loans are tough to get through banks, generally banks look for 40% down and the land should have all the utilities needed for your project already on site. Banks generally will give you a land loan for 12-24 months, during this time you need to get your project ready for construction. Some things to think to have prepared are:

  • Plans- Work with a local architect to build the plans for your project.
  • Budget- Have at least two bids from local contractors on how much they believe the project will cost by each line item.
  • Feasibility– A feasibility study is an analysis of how successfully a project can be completed, accounting for factors that affect it such as economic, technological, legal and scheduling factors.
  • Zoning- The process of dividing land in a municipality into zones (e.g. residential, industrial) in which certain land uses are permitted or prohibited.
  • Permits– Check with your city, state and county for construction permit requirements.

Now that you have the land and the details taken care of, it is time to go to the bank and start the process of a construction loan. Banks will ask for this information above before starting the loan process.

It is now time to determine how much money you need to bring to the project. Each bank may have a different policy as to how much equity you need for your project. Generally, the bank will loan up to 85% Loan to Cost (LTC- Loan amount divided by cost of the project) and 75% Loan to Value (LTV- Loan amount divided by the anticipated value of the project)

  • Cash down payment on the land purchase or equity in existing land can be used as equity.
  • Project equity could come in the from a separate piece of real estate that isn’t involved in the construction project.
  • Any pre-paid soft costs (architectural, engineering, legal fees, and other pre-construction expenses) can be included as equity.
  • If cash is required for the project, funds will be required to be paid at construction loan closing.

Loan Structure/ Process/ Credit- Underwriting

Structure: The bank will structure the loan to have a 6-18-month construction period where there are Interest only payments during construction phase. The interest payment generally will come from interest reserves that are in your construction budget until depleted or converted to a permeant loan. Generally, after an occupancy permit is issued, the loan is converted into a conventional commercial term loan at a predetermined interest rate.

The Process:

Many people ask me “what should my personal financials look like” before taking on a construction project and this is as important as what you are building. Borrowers should have a credit score above 700, due to the risk of construction lending credit history is very important. Also, your experience doing these projections in the past is also favorable, however if you are using a general contractor (which I hope you are) the bank will underwrite them to make sure that they have experience building projections that are comparable to yours.

Because constructions projects can go over budget banks will put in 3-10% contingency in the budget, but in the rare cases where that is fully used, the bank will come back to the borrower for an additional cash infusion. That is why we suggest borrowers having net worth greater than $750,000 and extra cash of about $50-$150 at minimum is also suggested. Finally, the borrower needs to have stable recurring cash flow from employment or self-employment to also assist with additional cash if needed.

There is much more to a commercial construction project so feel free to check out my Construction Lending Overview Sheet here which can give you additional information on the process. You can also reach out to me or your local community bank for more information.

Having your own building that you built to your specifications is great, but like most things in the world all good things take time, hard work and patience.

scott-graham-OQMZwNd3ThU-unsplash

Using Commercial Loans to Fund Your Real Estate Investments

by Kevin Perk

Unless you are sitting on a pile of cash, the purchase of your buy and hold properties are going to have to be financed through some type of loan.  The first few loans for your investment properties are relatively easy to get.   We will call these types of loans “traditional” financing.  Just shop around with any bank or mortgage broker and they will likely be able to help you buy that first, second, third and perhaps even fourth rental property.

After that, getting “traditional” financing becomes much more difficult.  Most “traditional” lenders will cut you off.  They will tell you that you no longer fit their criteria.  You have “too many” properties.  The real problem is they cannot sell these loans on the open market.  But you want to keep investing and growing your business.  You would eventually like to quit your “real” job.  So what can you do?

One of the biggest struggles that many new investors have is in coming up with the money to purchase their first real estate properties. Well, BiggerPockets can help with that too. The Book on Investing in Real Estate with No (and Low) Money Down can give you the tools you need to get started in real estate, even if you don’t have tons of cash lying around.

Click Here to Download

How to Purchase Real Estate With No (or Low) Money!

What are Commercial Loans?

One thing you can do is try can get commercial loans.  These loans are different from more “traditional” financing and can help the smaller (and larger) investor grow their investing business.  Commercial loans are different from more “traditional” sources of funding in several ways.

  • Commercial loans are generally found at smaller, community banks.
  • Commercial loans are often held in the bank’s own portfolio, rather than bundled and sold on the open market to Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae for example.
  • Commercial loans offer much more flexibility with ownership, property type and number of properties owned.  With commercial loans, you can actually title properties in your LLC for example.  You can’t do that with “traditional” financing.

How to Get Commercial Loans

Commercial loans used to be very easy to get before 2008.  Now they are much more restricted, but things seem to be loosening up just a little.  Your best bet these days is to get a referral from another investor who is already working with a particular bank.  This is another reason why local REIA’s can be a big help.  Plus you need to know your numbers and some “banker speak,” but that is a topic for another time.  If you can get a commercial loan, here are some key points to remember.

  • The interest rates are higher.  No more 3% rates.  Rates will be closer to 6 or 7% or more at the time of this writing.  So be sure to update your cash flow analysis.
  • Amortization will be shorter.  Gone are those 30 year amortization schedules.  15 and 20 year schedules are the norm.  This will increase the amount of interest and principal paid every month, so again adjust your cash flow analysis.
  • There will likely be a balloon payment or a call.  This means that the loan balance is due in a very short time, usually 3 to 5 years.  So while the payment schedule may be determined by a 20 year amortization rate, at the end of 5 years the balance is due and you will have to pay or refinance the loan.  You need to have a plan to deal with what one investor I know calls “this slow moving bullet.”

I wish we investors could get all the 30 year fixed rate loans we wanted.  But that is just not the case.  One option after you have exhausted the “traditional” source of financing is the commercial loan.  Commercial loans are a great tool for your investment business, just be aware of the terms going in.

Things to Know About Commercial Real Estate Appraisals

BY 

“Commercial is very different from residential in the fact that appraisals are much more subjective in nature,” says Scott Everett, founder and president of Supreme Lending, a mortgage lender in Dallas. “Much of the value derived from a commercial building is based on the rental rates received relative to the expenses paid out. The underlying asset is important, but not even close to the same way that a residential properties value assets.” – www.inc.com/guides/201105/10-things-about-commercial-real-estate-appraisal.html

Much of the value derived from a commercial building is based on the rental rates received relative to the expenses paid out.

Most people think that inspecting a property is the main work of a commercial real estate appraiser, but no. It’s just the first step. Appraisals differ in difficulty, process, and length of time needed to complete the appraisal. Ownership, zoning records, and actual location need to be established. A land surveyor may need to be called in to check the actual description of the property as well as the condition and location. Demographics and lifestyle information may need to figure into the value equation. With Seattle and King County developing more and more businesses and workers, their housing and commuting need to be considered. Finally, existing commercial income and comparable property sales, replacement costs all need to be considered. Appraisers analyze all aspects that affect property values, before they begin to draw their conclusions and give an official and well documented appraisal. An appraisal may take weeks or months to complete because they need to stand up to review and anticipate change as well.

A land surveyor may need to be called in to check the actual description of the property as well as the condition and location.

One of the top things about commercial real estate appraisals is: “Appraisers Must Adhere to a Strict Code of Ethics.” Appraisers are easy to track. The have to keep up on local codes and national guidelines. Each appraiser is different, but here is an example of what people should look for in a Washington State appraiser: Richard E. Pinkley is the President and CEO of GPA Trueman, a Washington state corporation. Rick began his appraisal career in 1990 with Greer, Patterson and Associates, Inc. and purchased the company in 2002. In 2011 a purchase of Trueman Appraisal Company was arranged and the two companies merged with the operations conducted in University Place. Mr. Pinkley has worked for banks and mortgage lenders. He has been a leader of the local community of appraisers as the Treasurer of the Puget Sound Chapter of the Appraisal Institute and as branch chapter Chairman, serving as a voting member on the board of the Seattle Chapter of the Appraisal Institute. He is a candidate for MAI designation in the organization, and member of International Right of Way Association. Professional interests include problem solving for unique properties and complex projects. A particular specialty is the appraisal of Native American lands for tribal members, tribes and the US government. Rick has testified as an expert witness in Pierce and King counties. – www.gpavaluation.net/

Only after an appraisal is done can there be movement: selling, buying, financing, or construction.

In searching for a commercial real estate appraiser, look for a strong history of satisfied clients, familiarity with projects in particular counties and regions, and work on similar projects. Once you have selected an appraiser, then the process can begin. Only after an appraisal is done can there be movement: selling, buying, financing, or construction. With commercial property everything thing hinges on a legitimate commercial real estate appraisal.

 by the Sub Times

kelly-sikkema-xoU52jUVUXA-unsplash

Cash Flow is King- How a bank looks at your profitability and business equity.

 

By Paul Long |  March 4, 2018

If you are looking for a business loan, making sure you have good credit and have reasonable time in business, then you are on the right track. However, understanding how a bank looks at your financials is another important part of the process. This article is going to show you how you can underwrite your own financial statements when seeking a new loan.

 

Cash Flow/ Debt Service Coverage:

Before we get into the analysis of the tax return lets evaluate a little about the business.

Paul’s Plumbing currently has the following debt:

Business Credit Card: $4,000 Balance with a monthly payment of: $150.00

Business Auto Loan: $50,000 Balance with a monthly payment of: $432.68

The client is looking for a $50,000 loan for a few new pieces of equipment. The estimated payment will be $966.64

The above tax return for an S-Corp will be used in this analysis example.

First we will look at the cash flow of the business and does the business have enough cash flow to afford his current payments as well as the new loan payment. This process is called finding a business’s Debt Service Coverage Ratio.

First we are going to look at Income/ Cash flow

Total Net Income (Line 21) : $22,111

Note that this number takes into consideration cost of goods sold, rent, salaries, and lunches at fancy restaurants that you “write off” etc.

Add Depreciation (Line 15): $4,500

Depreciation is not an official cash outlay, so it is added back to your net income.

Add the two together to get you cash flow per year to service debt payments of $26,611

 

The borrower has the following monthly payments:

Credit Card: $150.00

Business Auto Loan: $432.68

Total Monthly payments: $582.68

 

We are going to take the total monthly payment and multiply it by 12 (months in a year) = $6992.16

Based on the above analysis the business has $26,611 in annual cash flow and has $6992.16 in annual debt payments. Divide $26,611 by $6992.16 and you get = 3.805x. This number reflects that the borrower can service his current debt payments 3.805 times his cash flow.

 

Now we need to add in the new debt that he would like from the bank using the same exercise:

Credit Card: $150.00

Business Auto Loan: $432.68

Total Monthly payments: $582.68

New Bank Loan: $966.64

TOTAL monthly payments with new bank loan: $1,549.32

We are going to take the total monthly payments above and multiply it by 12 (months in a year) = $18,591.84

With the new bank loan based on the above analysis, the business has $26,611 in annual cash flow and would have $18,591.84 in annual debt payments. Divide $26,611 by $18,591.84 and you get = 1.43x. With this new debt the borrower will now be able to service their current debt and new debt 1.43 times.

Banks will look for 1.25 times or better to approve a loan based on cash flow. The above analysis shows that the borrower passes the cash flow test of underwriting.  Now play with your last tax return and use your debt to calculate your own Debt Service Coverage Ratio.

 

Business Equity/Balance Sheet

 

Another important part of the underwriting process is understanding your business balance sheet. Bankers will look at your current cash position, amount of existing debt and the amount of Equity in the company.

Banks need to make sure that the company has equity (It is the difference between what your business is worth (your assets) minus what you owe on it (your debts and liabilities).

Equity is one of the most common issues with smaller businesses due to the business owner taking out all the money out of the company for personal reasons. Banks want to make sure that the business has some skin in the game as well and that that not all of the risk is on the bank/lender. Having negative equity is common in startup businesses, but should get positive over time. In the case below Paul’s Plumbing has $21,950 in business value. The higher this number, the more the bank is willing to lend.

There is a lot more to the loan underwriting process, but coming to the bank with knowledge of these two processes will go a long way in your request.

alexander-grey-8lnbXtxFGZw-unsplash

I want a Line of Credit for my business. Read me first!

By Paul Long
October 15, 2017

Lines of Credit are great tools for small businesses!

Lines of credit are for businesses who want to borrow money on demand for short term purchases. Do you need funds quickly to purchase inventory or need some extra funds to make payroll, then use a line of credit. Lines of credit have more favorable repayment terms than term loans (payments based on interest only to 1-2% of the loan balance) as well as interest rates can sometimes be less than a loan. Best of all if you don’t owe anything on your line, then you don’t have a payment. The bottom line is they are very flexible.

What type of business SHOULD have a line of credit?
I do not recommend that all businesses have a line of credit. If you are a cash based business where your clients pays you upfront in full then a line of credit is not suggested. If you are a business where your clients pay you in 30-60 days after you provide a service or product then you should have a line of credit. Lines of credit (when used properly) are primarily used for short term purposes until your clients pay you for the service. I see time and time again cash based businesses receiving a line of credit and they use it for long term assets because they payments are cheap and never pay the line back. When this happens banks call this a “term out” which is when the bank chooses to turn off your line of credit, raise your interest rate and have you make large monthly payments until it is paid in full.

What banks use to collateralize a line of credit?
In fully transparency there are banks out there that offer lines of credit for your business with no collateral and just use your personal guarantee. These lines of credit have higher interest rates and annual fees because of the risk to the bank. You must have A+ credit, been in business over 2 years and have solid business income to receive one of these products.

Most banks will want some sort of collateral as well as to know to why you need the line of credit. Most Lines of Credit are secured with your businesses Accounts Receivables. For example, you may typically have $90,000 in accounts receivable owing in any given time from your clients who will pay you in the next 30 days. A bank will typically lend you 75-80% of your accounts receivable in the form of a line of credit ($72,000). Once your client pays you in 30 days you will pay that toward the line of credit that you advanced from to cover day to day costs when during those 30 days. This cycle continues over and over.

Definition: Accounts receivable is a legally enforceable claim for payment held by a business against its customer/clients for goods supplied and/or services rendered in execution of the customer’s order. These are generally in the form of invoices raised by a business and delivered to the customer for payment within an agreed time frame. Accounts receivable is shown in a balance sheet as an asset.

The same goes for Inventory based lines of credit. If you need to purchase inventory for your business you can advance up to 50% of the value of your inventory in the form of a Line of Credit. For example, if you have $75,000 in inventory usually you can borrow up to $37,500 from your line to purchase additional inventory. Once you sell the product then you will pay back your line of credit.

These examples are primary reasons for needing a line of credit, you may think of other reasons why you need a line of credit. Make sure you talk with your banker to make sure you are set up properly.

Resting Periods
Banks usually put a resting period on a line of credit, this is a time where the line of credit is not used. It may range from 10 days up to 30 days. The point of this is to make sure that you are using a line of credit properly which is use it, pay it off, use it, pay it off… Yes, the banks is enjoying the interest you are paying during this time, but at some point we want to principle to be paid back too. The rule you need to always have when you make an advance from a line of credit is will I pay this back in 60 days, if not then you may want to consider a term loan for your purchase.

It is important that you know some of these basics before you get a line of credit. This is a tool in your financial backpack you can use, make sure you use it correctly. You wouldn’t use a calculator to fix your car would you?